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}
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Tumba de amigo de Alexandre, o Grande, pode ter função astronômica 60wt
Tecnologia 5cw3f Tumba de amigo de Alexandre, o Grande, pode ter função astronômica 60wt Publicado
19 horas ago on
27/05/2025
Tumba atribuída ao amigo de Alexandre, o Grande, pode ter sido projetada para se alinhar ao solstício de inverno
(Imagem: Irma eyewink / Shutterstock.com) A maior e mais luxuosa tumba já construída na Macedônia antiga pode ter sido projetada para ser iluminada pelo Sol exatamente no solstício de inverno , segundo aponta um novo estudo. A hipótese é considerada controversa, mas oferece uma nova perspectiva sobre o chamado monumento de Kasta , que teria sido erguido para Hephaestion , amigo mais próximo de Alexandre, o Grande .
Descoberta em 2012, a tumba está localizada próxima à antiga cidade de Amphipolis , no norte da Grécia, e ainda é alvo de debates entre historiadores sobre sua real finalidade. Embora os restos mortais de cinco pessoas tenham sido encontrados no local, inscrições sugerem que o destinatário original do monumento seria Hephaestion , figura de extrema importância para Alexandre.
Representação 3D do monumento de Kasta, tumba de Hephaestion (Imagem: Magikos fakos / Wikimedia Commons) Alinhamento solar e simbolismo religioso a3o1i A partir de um modelo 3D da estrutura, o pesquisador Demetrius Savvides utilizou simulações astronômicas para recriar o posicionamento do Sol e das estrelas no período em que Hephaestion morreu, em 324 a.C. Segundo o estudo, a luz solar adentra a tumba de forma progressiva e alcança iluminação completa da câmara funerária por volta do dia 21 de dezembro, data do solstício de inverno no hemisfério norte. Savvides relata que o interior do túmulo seria iluminado entre 10h e 16h , o que indica um possível projeto arquitetônico intencional voltado para esse fenômeno astronômico. Ele sugere que esse alinhamento pode estar relacionado a temas de renovação e vida , com forte influência do culto à deusa Cibele , cujas representações estão presentes na decoração do monumento. Além de Cibele — conhecida como a “mãe dos deuses” —, a tumba também exibe imagens de Perséfone , deusa do submundo. Savvides propõe que o efeito de luz observado na data mais escura do ano possa simbolizar a presença contínua e vital da deusa, mesmo no domínio dos mortos. Para ele, trata-se de um ritual de iluminação simbólica , que transforma a escuridão do inverno em um momento de revelação divina.
Nesse contexto, a construção da tumba teria como objetivo associar Hephaestion à ideia de autoridade cósmica , um legado diretamente ligado a Alexandre, o Grande. Documentos históricos indicam que Alexandre ficou devastado com a morte do amigo, o que reforça a possibilidade de um sepultamento grandioso e carregado de significados religiosos e políticos.
Quem foram Alexandre, o Grande e Hephaestion 585656 Alexandre, o Grande foi um dos líderes militares mais influentes da história antiga. Nascido na Macedônia em 356 a.C., ele construiu um império que se estendia da Grécia ao norte da Índia, tornando-se uma figura central na expansão da cultura helenística. Considerado um gênio estratégico, Alexandre também é lembrado por sua ambição política e por promover a fusão de diferentes culturas em seus territórios conquistados.
Alexandre, o Grande, foi um dos maiores líderes militares da história (Imagem: Andreas Wolochow / Shutterstock.com) Já Hephaestion foi seu amigo mais próximo, conselheiro e comandante militar de confiança. Os dois cresceram juntos e estudaram com o filósofo Aristóteles, desenvolvendo uma ligação considerada profunda e duradoura.
Ana Luiza Figueiredo é repórter do Olhar Digital. Formada em Jornalismo pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), foi Roteirista na Blues Content, criando conteúdos para TV e internet.
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